I know where you're coming from, but in all my years of backpacking I've never come across a sectioned tent pole with enough strength to hold a boat in position against wind and water flow. The moment you break something into pieces it's never going to be as strong as it was, regardless of how you reattach it.
One trick I've pulled is to use both my oars and ram them down into the river bank mud handle first, with the oar being between the boat and that black rope that runs around the edge. This is course requires having a squishy river bank, but it does the job.
You've mentioned that you go diving so I'm assuming you're trying to come up with a simple means to hold your boat in position on the surface while you go seeking pirate treasure right? If you don't trust standard anchors to keep the boat in position, perhaps a custom anchor might work.
Find a decent sized bucket that comes with a lid you can clip over the top. Drill holes in he bucket's side so that it will take on water when submerged. You attach two lengths of marine rope to the bucket. One is attached to the bottom of the bucket via a drilled hole and a knot on the inside to hold it in place. The second is attached to the removable clip on lid the same way. Before you set off, you fill the bucket with some rocks from the shoreline and clip on the lid.
Once you find a spot you like, you drop the bucket into the water and let it sink to the bottom rocks and all. This should weigh more than the average anchor and definitely hold the boat in position.
When you're finished, you pull the rope attached to the lid to remove it from the bucket, then pull the second rope to tip out the rocks before retrieving your bucket anchor. Only downside is having to find more rocks for the next spot. Might work. Has the advantage of being light when not in use and you can use it for storage when traveling too and from the water. And... if you're diving at the time, tip the rocks out yourself while down there and fill bucket with the 'treasure' you find.
As regards the 'stick anchor,' the stronger the better. If I had to go with sections, I'd go with a eighteen foot hard wood pole cut into six foot sections that connect using brass screw joints.
You basically store the sections on the floor of the boat and use whatever length you need. However the bottom end would likely require a metal tip for when you drive it down into mud or between rocks and shingle etc. This would also serve as a terrific defensive weapon should you find actual pirate treasure and they catch you in the act.