Re: What exactly are the anodes purpose?
No theyre not! Theyre counter weights. If your boat is listing to one side, you keep adding zincs until she sits upright.
<br /><br />Technically, its not electrolysis; its a galvanic thing, tho we commonly call it electrolysis and everyone knows what you mean when using that term. Electrons in metals are displaced due to the interaction between the electrical potential of their atomic structure. The greater the difference in the electrical potential between dissimilar items, the greater the interaction.<br /><br />In the case of your boat, your prop, shaft, thru hulls, etc are all exposed to water and somewhere else in that same water there is likely to be something with a different electrical potential. Dissolved salts/metals in the water allow electrical current to flow between those items. Zincs corrosion potential is such that it is likely to go first before other alloys that are common in marine use. As DR mentioned, they are sacrificial
intended to be eaten away and replaced. Doesnt always happen. Sometimes the zincs sit on a boat, untouched for years. Other times they are gone beyond usefulness within months.<br /><br />They are definitely one of those things are better to have and not need then to need and not have.<br /><br />When galvanic corrosion occurs, the electrons migrate from the anode (+) to the cathode (-). Can you figure out what direction the electrical current is flowing with a sacrificial "anode" zinc?
Likewise, wanna take a guess as to which lead plates in a battery are eaten up when it fails?