Re: Transom issues
Hard to say from the one pic, but they could be either stress cracks from a one time event (like hitting a log) or they could be signs of the core starting to rot.
The best way to tell the condition of your transom is to drill small test holes in areas that are suspect (near bolt holes, edges not sealed, etc) and see what comes out. Wet wood appears dark and the particles stick together, light wood is white and powdery. Use about a 1/8" drill bit, and fill the holes after with marine-tex or a similar epoxy filler. Drill from the inside if you can so the holes don't show.
Alternatively you can use the knock technique if you're familiar with it... tap on the wood of the transom with a hard blunt object like a small hammer... you should be able to hear the transom "ring" (listen just after the impact) if the wood is good. Tapping your way along to places you think are suspect the tone will change to a "thud" if there's water in there (density change in the core due to water).
Erik