Thought about this some more, and where getting off track. Your current issue is there is no power to the coil with the new diode in place. With the old shorted diode in place there is power to the coil because the Red/Purple fused wire back feeds the coil thru the diode.
The motor was running fine until the fuse started blowing which did kill the motor. So there is an open circuit between the key and the purple wire feeding the coil. With 12V on the the Red wire at the key, then its not the 20 amp fuse on that wire. So it has to be the purple wire which goes thru the kill switch, by every gauge, to motor plug, to the coil.
There should be 12V at the key (red) and have 12V on one if not both or the purple wires when key is turned ON. One of the purple wires goes thru the kill switch.
So verify power, then jump across the kill switch to bypass