Mystery Outdrive Gear Oil Leak

agwood75

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Joined
Mar 24, 2008
Messages
15
I'll start at the beginning with this in hope is provides additional content to my issue. At the start of boating season last year I changed the water pump housing and impeller, reinstalled and filled with gear oil. I noticed that when I filled the oil it only took about 3/4 of a litre of oil before it started coming out of the air vent in the upper unit. I thought that was odd so I moved to more level ground (My driveway is on a decent slope), trimmed down all the way and tried to add more oil, but after one pump it was coming out of the vent again. Just thought maybe I did not get it fully drained and went boating. The boat ran fine all summer, we live on a lake so we use it pretty much every other weekend. On Labor Day weekend after pulling tubers for a few hours on the way back to the dock I heard a grinding sound, the motor stalled and when I tried to start back up again the sound was still there, so I paddled back to the dock. Since it was the end of boating season, I pulled the boat and left it to work on in early spring.
I found that that the upper unit gears failed due to lack of oil, so apparently I had an unnoticed oil leak and the upper unit and the gears finally gave out. I drained the oil, there was still about a half quart in the lower unit, and pulled the outdrive. I did not notice any water or metal filings in the oil when I drained.
Fast forward to this spring. I bought a used, but pressure tested, upper unit. I did all the maintenance that comes with pulling the outdrive (greased joints, replaced gimbal bearing, checked alignment, replaced water pump and all the gaskets and o-rings in-between, filled with new gear oil). Reinstalled and planned to put the muffs on and test the next day. However, when I came out the next day there was a pool of gear on the ground and a small oil leak coming out of the lower unit at the weep hole on the lower front end. I then drained the oiled and pulled the lower unit again. It looked like all of the oil residue was around the front end of the water pump and shift shaft and I did not notice anything on the upper part of the shaft. I went ahead and replaced the water pump base, o-ring, gaskets and shift shaft bushing/seals/o-rings, reinstalled filled with oil and the next day still had a leak in the same spot, but a little less. I thought maybe it was just residual oil, so I went ahead and tested with the muffs for about 15 minutes. Everything ran fine so I went away and mowed the yard, but when I came back there was oil dripping out again.
So drained the oil again, no water or metal shavings in the oil, and pressure tested last night. The upper unit held 15.6 psi for over 2 hours before I had to stop due to a storm coming (I did test the upper while still installed to the boat, so not sure if that makes a difference). I then pressure tested the lower unit and let it sit overnight and it held 15.3 psi for over 7 hours. I also turned the shaft and prop while testing to see if that would cause any pressure loss, but it did not.
Any suggestions of what to check now? The engine is a MerCruiser 4.3L 175HP, the outdrive is an Alpha 1 Gen 1 and the boat is a 1988 Sea Ray Seville.
 

nola mike

Vice Admiral
Joined
Apr 22, 2009
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5,364
Quad ring installed? Might try testing at a lower pressure as well. And I don't understand why people split the drive when it's still on the boat.
 

agwood75

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Joined
Mar 24, 2008
Messages
15
Quad ring installed? Might try testing at a lower pressure as well. And I don't understand why people split the drive when it's still on the boat.
It’s installed. actually bought a new one when I replaced everything else.
Is there an advantage/disadvantage to taking everything off at once. The only reason I didn’t was because I just bought and replaced all the gaskets and did t want to damage them.
 

kenny nunez

Captain
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Jun 20, 2017
Messages
3,290
Most likely the shaft seal surface on the lower gear in the upper gear housing is the problem. Refill the drive with it tilted then remove the lower and plug the oil transfer port. Let it set and watch if oil leaks again. If so then look up into the upper and you will see oil dripping from lower seal. That seal protects the upper but in your case if it leaks then the upper has to come off and disassembled. You will need a 1.25 Speedy sleeve to repair the seal surface along with the 2 lower seals in the bottom of the upper.
 

nola mike

Vice Admiral
Joined
Apr 22, 2009
Messages
5,364
Most likely the shaft seal surface on the lower gear in the upper gear housing is the problem. Refill the drive with it tilted then remove the lower and plug the oil transfer port. Let it set and watch if oil leaks again. If so then look up into the upper and you will see oil dripping from lower seal. That seal protects the upper but in your case if it leaks then the upper has to come off and disassembled. You will need a 1.25 Speedy sleeve to repair the seal surface along with the 2 lower seals in the bottom of the upper.
Why would it hold pressure?
 

agwood75

Cadet
Joined
Mar 24, 2008
Messages
15
Why would it hold pressure?
Most likely the shaft seal surface on the lower gear in the upper gear housing is the problem. Refill the drive with it tilted then remove the lower and plug the oil transfer port. Let it set and watch if oil leaks again. If so then look up into the upper and you will see oil dripping from lower seal. That seal protects the upper but in your case if it leaks then the upper has to come off and disassembled. You will need a 1.25 Speedy sleeve to repair the seal surface along with the 2 lower seals in the bottom of the upper.

Sometimes pressure seals the leak. It would not hold
Sometimes pressure seals the leak. It would not hold a vacuum. If what I think is leaking.
I will try a vacuum test on it as well and see what happens. On the upper unit seals doesn’t the upper seal hold oil in and the lower seal keep water out? So when would the upper seal ever be in a vacuum state?
 

kenny nunez

Captain
Joined
Jun 20, 2017
Messages
3,290
The extension of the lower gear is made of steel. If the lower seal should fail then water will cause the steel to rust and the extension will get pitted which will cause the seal to leak.
Try doing what I suggested in post # 4 first. If oil leaks then you now know what to do.
 

agwood75

Cadet
Joined
Mar 24, 2008
Messages
15

The extension of the lower gear is made of steel. If the lower seal should fail then water will cause the steel to rust and the extension will get pitted which will cause the seal to leak.
Try doing what I suggested in post # 4 first. If oil leaks then you now know what to do.
I see, your not talking about the seal itself but the machined surface on the case around the seal, correct?
 

kenny nunez

Captain
Joined
Jun 20, 2017
Messages
3,290
The extension of the driven gear that the lower vertical shaft plugs into is where the leak is.
 

crazy charlie

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May 22, 2003
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5,501
QUOTE ". On Labor Day weekend after pulling tubers for a few hours on the way back to the dock I heard a grinding sound, the motor stalled and when I tried to start back up again the sound was still there, so I paddled back to the dock. Since it was the end of boating season, I pulled the boat and left it to work on in early spring. " END QUOTE
BIG MISTAKE !!! NEVER wait thru the the cold season especially if there was a chance of water intrusion. Thats is why changing of lower unit lube should always be done when being winterized for the off season.Any water could either freeze or just contaminate. Possible catastrophe by waiting.Charlie
 
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