Heh heh...
Too funny. This debate is still alive! We used to get customers that would refuse a repair with plugs 25 years ago, and it appears the sentiment is still kicking.
I remember the sales person that sold the garage the plugs coming by with a tire, and a video (Yeah, I think it was a beta-max tape) showing a tire that had been punctured something like 100 times, and repaired with 100 plugs. They ran the tire for 20 thousand miles with no ill effects.
I do agree that it depends on the puncture wound. If you take a nail or screw, or run over a sharp piece of angle iron, of course these are different. I have used tire plugs on many, many tires, and never suffered ill effects. Tread separation is caused by running the tire flat, overheating it, or a poor bond on a retread. Plugs WILL NOT cause tread separation. Sorry.
As far as belt separation, same applies. Belt separation is usually caused by hitting a sharp angled object like a curb, deep pothole, or the like. Running a tire over it's load capacity can cause catastrophic failure from heat and belt separation. A plug simply "spreads" a few of the strands in the belt. Actually the puncture does this, and yes, some steel in the belt may have broken. Perhaps a few strands of it.
Is a repaired tire "good as new"? Of course not. Is it safe? Depends on the damage cause, amount of damage, and nature of repair. I will stand firmly on the fact that if you take a nail or screw or other small object that punctures the tire, a plug is a perfectly safe and effective repair.
Otherwise, your just an anal perfectionist, and you'd be better off buying a new tire. Heck, while your at it, buy a whole set. It'll let the rest of us purchase your used tires off the back room rack at a steep discount.
If plugs were what SOME people think they are, they wouldn't use them in repair shops, or even sell them for that manner. Again, it depends on the nature of the damage and the required repair. Don't EVER use a plug in a sidewall. A good rule of thumb is if the puncture is from a sharp small object, it's inside 1/2" from the tread edge (from sidewall) then it can be repaired using a plug.
My best,
JamesK