Look at your trolling motor batteries. If one cable going to the trolling motor comes from the positive post on one battery, and if the other cable going to the trolling motor comes from the negative post on the other battery, and there is a short jumper wire going from the positive post on one battery to the negative post on the other battery you have a 24 volt trolling motor.
Also, look at the top of the head of the trolling motor, it should say how many pound thrust it is. If it's 80 lb thrust you have a 24 V system.