Let?s first take a look at salt and water at the molecular level. Salt, also written out as NaCl (Sodium Chloride), is made up of positive sodium ions (Na+) along with negative chloride ions (Cl-). Because we have a positive and negative, the two are attracted to each other forming an ionic bond, which results in NaCl. When many sodium and chloride ions attract to one another, they form a salt crystal. When this formation occurs, you get a sodium ion that is surrounded by 6 chloride ions and a chloride ion surrounded by 6 sodium ions to form a cube. Now let?s look at water (H20) on the molecular level. A water molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom. The oxygen molecule has a great attraction for the electrons that are found on the hydrogen. As a result, the electrons spend most of their time near the oxygen than the hydrogens. This then makes a slight negative charge around the area of the oxygen and slight positive charge around the hydrogen.
So, when salt crystals are placed in water, the positive end of the water molecule attracts the negatively charged chloride ions and the negative ends of the water molecules attract the positive sodium ions. As a result, the salt will dissolve once the attraction between the water and the ions overcomes the attraction the ions have for one another. Once dissolved, the positive sodium ions and negative chloride ions will associate with the oppositely charged polar ends of many water molecules.