Re: 30hp, 4 stroke, Tohatsu Maint.
In my experience, higher octanes don't usually cause carbon build-up. Some premium fuels can contain more additives, and -- theoretically -- might give a hair better economy -- but since you should be using a good stabilizer anyway, that's not much of a factor.
Most OB factories note that 87 is OK, but they often recommend 89 for the 4-strokes. Personally, I have been running regular 87 "land fuel" (with K100), with no issues for years, both in old 2-strokes (some of which only required 67 octane!), and my new Nissan 4-strokes.
In automobiles, the rule of thumb was always to use fuel with an octane of at least 10 times the compression ratio. So 8.5 to 1 compression motors needed at least 85 octane to avoid preignition (which is what we're trying to avoid). With different cam profiles (more overlap, etc), this isn't 100% true any more, but still a good starting point.
The usual root causes of carbon build-up are running too cool, too rich, or too much oil (in a 2-stroke). 4-stroke OB's do tend to run cooler than their land-based cousins, and stay cleanest when run hard -- over 50% throttle, but the fuel injection system is pretty good on the Tohatsu/Nissan 30. When operating correctly, they don't usually run too rich. So I wouldn't worry about running any good, clean, fresh, fuel that is at least 87 octane.