1976 Merc 20hp power loss, high fuel consumption, one plug clean one black

bluelick

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Greetings all,
I have a 1976 Merc 200 serial number 4353XXX. I have owned and maintained this motor for more than 20 years, and have managed to keep it going with help from here and other Merc outboard related sites, so let me begin by saying thank you!

The current problem began earlier this year when I noticed that the motor was not reaching it's full power and speed, topping out around 4400 RPM. With my boat and normal load it should get a bit above 5000 at WOT and plane nicely. On that same fishing trip (4 days) I also noticed it was using more fuel than usual.

I suspected the float bowl inlet needle was not closing fully so I pulled the carb when I got home and replaced the needle. I also notice a wing broken off of the plastic venturi in the carb to I replaced the venturi with one from a spare parts carb I had (I have accumulated a lot of spare parts over the years). I also put in new plugs before the next fishing trip.

However, the same two primary symptoms persisted on this more recent trip. When I got home I did a compression test and got 105 psi in each cylinder (cold, cranking with the electric starter, throttle and choke open). This is the first time I've done a compression test on this motor so I don't have a baseline, unfortunately.

I also noted that the upper plug was clean and shiny with normal black traces from the spark path while the lower plug was all black and fouled. After dark I went back out and hooked up an inline spark tester and both seem to be getting the same intensity of spark when I crank the motor.

I'm a little stumped on my diagnosis at this point. Could the broken wing of the venturi be lodged somewhere that it would cause this? Could it be a bad crank seal? I don't see a Merc spec for the compression, and I think 105 may be a bit low, but that is cold cranking compression and I expect it might be higher if I tested it warmed up. I also think the fact that compression is the same on both cylinders but the brand new plugs look very different after 8 gallons of gas may be telling me something, I just don't know what.

BTW, Quicksilver oil at 50:1. And normally 6 gallons does a whole five-day trip with some left over, it's been a very efficient motor. We motor up river, then float back down fishing. This time I needed more gas on the last day, never had to do that before. No change in boat set up or load.

So how about it--suggestions? Ideas? Again, thanks!
 

racerone

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Dec 28, 2013
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Picked one of those up at a dealer once.----Yes that piece could be stuck in a reed valve.
 

Chris1956

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Check the fuel pump diaphram for a leak. A leak there can foul the lower spark plug. Are there droplets on the lower spark plug? Dropets signify water getting into the cylinder, likely via a bad crankshaft seal.
 

bluelick

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Thanks to you both. I did not see droplets on the lower plug. I have not been into the fuel pump, how does a hole there foul the lower plug? Is it from gas feeding back into the crankcase via the pulse line? That would make sense given the symptoms I have noted.

As far as the possibility of the piece of the plastic venturi in a reed valve, that has occurred to me. Do all the reeds feed the entire crankcase or do two of them feed each cylinder?

Does 105 psi seem OK for cold cranking compression? I can't find a spec for this motor.

Again, thanks!
 

racerone

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There are 2 separate crankcases.------I believe 4 reeds to each crankcase.-----And reed valves have nothing to do with compression in the cylinder.
 

Chris1956

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Your fuel pump is powered by crankcase pulses. If the diaphragm has a hole, raw fuel can leak into the crankcase flooding the lower cylinders.

Rebuild kits are cheap and easy to install.
 

bluelick

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Your fuel pump is powered by crankcase pulses. If the diaphragm has a hole, raw fuel can leak into the crankcase flooding the lower cylinders.

Rebuild kits are cheap and easy to install.
Would this also cause excessive fuel consumption? Seems like it could, and would explain the difference in the appearance of the plugs. Thanks!
 

bluelick

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Sounds like it's time to pull the carb (again--I'm getting good at it!) and put a kit in the fuel pump. While it's out I can look for that piece of the venturi and if I'm lucky see if I can fish it out of the reeds if it's there. I'll look at the reed arrangement in my spare block to see what I'm up against. Hopefully the problem is just the fuel pump.

Another question--this carb has the fuel filter on the side (35-70349), looks like it's no longer available. Any alternative? If not, I think I can re-install the old one, it looked OK when I checked it before. I do see a couple on eBay, may be the way to go.

Thanks!
 

Chris1956

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OK, so fuel pump in the carb. I never worked on one myself, but most 2 cycle fuel pumps work the same way. A leaking diaphragm allows fuel from the fuel line to get into the crankcase, where it slouches around and can foul a spark plug.

I would think any 1/4" inline filter would work.
 

bluelick

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OK, so fuel pump in the carb. I never worked on one myself, but most 2 cycle fuel pumps work the same way. A leaking diaphragm allows fuel from the fuel line to get into the crankcase, where it slouches around and can foul a spark plug.

I would think any 1/4" inline filter would work.
Well, the filter housing is on the side of the fuel pump. But I suppose I could just put a gasket there and mount the housing without the filter and put an inline filter in, but I'd rather put it back to the original configuration if I can. The first time I put it back together I had trouble with it leaking because the filter was a bit off center in relation to where the cork gasket was imprinted from the prior installation, but I got it lined up better so it was not leaking where the housing, filter and gasket come together on the side of the fuel pump.

 

bluelick

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I have pulled the carb (getting good at that) and disassembled the fuel pump. I don't see any sign of a hole in the diaphragm, so it is not a visible tear, but I suppose a pinhole under pressure could make a difference. I will need to order a kit.

Meanwhile, any other thoughts from anyone on what would make the bottom plug foul but not the top (both are getting spark)?

Also, I saw no sign of the broken venturi wing in the reeds, although it was not easy to see in there.
 

jimmbo

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May 24, 2004
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Can the Spark jump a 7/16" inch gap, repeatedly? Are you using a Tester similar to this
1688331102583.png
 
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