Re: why
Since it's a new boat and motor and was running fine before change, as long as the prop is the correct size for you outdrive(for example, hub not significantly smaller), I would think you either got a bad prop or it was somehow not installed corrected. Is the thrust washer there and installed correctly, if the new prop has a removeable hub is the correct hub installed? That's all I can really think of.
I guess you could have gotten a prop design that just doesn't work for the boat, but that seems unlikely. What brand/model prop is it? My 21" Solas Amita works great on my 4.3 mercruiser 185 GT. Since the Volvo has a similar gear ratio, I would expect a similar 19" to absolutely rocket on plane and reach speeds in the low to mid 40s...