Re: adding an onboard battery charger
two different terms.
Volts or Voltage. The level of a battery's capacity. Boat batteries are typically 12 V. you use the 13-14V to charge the battery.
Amps or Amperage. the amount of actual power in a battery.
You consume the power in the battery... i.e. trolling motor will take 50Amps. if you use it for 1 hour, you have used 50 Amp Hours (1/2 hour = 25 AH's)
What silvertip is indicating is if you used 50 Amp Hours out of your battery, and your outboard's charging system is supplying 6 to 16 Amps (lets use 10) it will take you 5 hours to replace the 50 amps you used (10 Amps x 5 Hours = 50AH). Actually it would take 6 hours, since you need to replace 120% of what you took out...
You have to have over 12v to actually return the power back into the battery...
Remember in Apollo 13, the one guy says "battery 2.. 0 volts, 2 amps" it still had power but not much in the way capacity left. Most batteries, without a load will show approximately 12v, regardless of how dead they are... when you apply a load, that is when the voltage drops to show you how charged they are.
So your current setup will charge at 10Amps (lets say), and if you use your trolling motor, unless you have a long trip home, you likely will not fully recharge your batteries in time... thus the idea of a battery charger onboard, used with your house power, to recharge it is a great idea. If it is only 5 Amps, that is OK, because you will leave it over night, and it will have plenty of hours to re-charge the batteries.