Re: Difference between merc 800 and 850
If you're referring to the diff between the '69-'71 800-4 and later model 850-4's, the 850 has power-ported pistons and different block to match the pistons. Plus the bottom of the block is cast differently to match up with the revised exhaust tuner used on '72-and-up 66c.i. Fours and 99c.i. Sixes.
You could use the later 850's rotating assy (crankshaft, bearings, pistons, rods) in an 800 block but you couldn't use the 800's pistons in a later power-ported block. The power-ported pistons' holes would have no effect when used in an 800 block, since that block wouldn't have the corresponding passages cast into the block.
Hope that answers your question, if not you'll have to be more specific about which models/years you're asking.
HTH............ed